Individual politics assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Singular legislative issues task - Essay Example Office likewise thinks about the money related necessities of each strategy (A.H.C. S.A, 2004). In her spending plan of 2014, the Australian government made certain strategies guided towards carrying new changes to the wellbeing part. The Minister of Health referenced three strategies in the Dutton meeting. The paper investigations these strategies to distinguish their qualities and shortcomings. The paper additionally distinguishes the points of view of the cases introduced. It will likewise make some correlation between the expressed plans with those of remote nations. Australia has a high level of maturing individuals (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). Not at all like in the 1970 and 1971, an energetic age has dropped to 22% from 31% in the mid 1970s (M.H.C.C. A.C.T., and C.S S., 2007). The administration through its different offices extends that in the coming 40 years, 25% of the Australian populace will be individuals with more than 65 years old (Australia, 2011). In the wellbeing part, the nation is confronting the issues related with mature age. The legislature gets this and is wanting to offer more help for the part with the goal that it can improve its administrations to serve more individuals. Right now, the general wellbeing framework is just ready to serve, on a week after week premise, 170 individuals determined to have dementia. In any case, the nation needs to get ready for what's to come. The administration extends that in 2050; there would be 7,500 instances of dementia for every week (W.A.C.O.S.H, 2007). The nation in this wa y needs to prepare to face such an issue later on. Along these lines, in the 2014 spending plan, the administration apportioned more cash for the development of administrations like genomics testing in MRI and MBS screening. The contention of the legislature is legitimate thinking about the genuine circumstance in Australia. There is a sociological issue. Australian populace is maturing at high rate. The wellbeing part needs to get ready to confront this

Dissertation Writers

Exposition Writers Exposition Writers Arranging Tips for Dissertation Writers You have been buckling down for certain months as of now, however now you feel that you need to race through your thesis since you are amazingly shy of time? Sadly, this circumstance is natural to numerous exposition scholars. The explanations behind this mishap can be various, however much of the time they have neglected to compose their expositions on time since they didn't design their time in an appropriate manner. At the point when you have recently picked your theme, you may imagine that you have a great deal of time ahead, and it is valid. Remembering this thought, numerous thesis scholars simply lose the primary significant weeks sitting idle. Regardless of whether you don't blunder along and start work, for instance you start gathering proof for your exposition, you can undoubtedly be caught. Keep in mind, time streams away extremely quick. What's more, in the event that you don't set up a timetable of your thesis work, even an unpleas ant one, at that point the outcomes can be baffling. On the off chance that you don't designate your time, you may dedicate an excess of time to certain pieces of your exposition and leave others dismissed. All things considered, on the off chance that you comprehend the significance of arranging, you can do it along these lines. Take an enormous piece of paper and make a draft of your work routine. Draw your college timetable, and remember to specify your social exercises, low maintenance work and so on. At that point mark out certain timeframes from one to two hours that can be dedicated to your thesis. Some persevering paper authors work for quite a long time without having rest, however it isn't sensible in light of the fact that following two hours work your cerebrum will get worn out and your work won't be successful. In addition, arranging your work remember when you can work adequately. Would you be able to work promptly toward the beginning of the day or late around evening time? Setting up your table, record your between time cutoff times the manner in which you see them. For instance, note by what time you figure your procedure ought to be readied and so forth. At the point when you your work routine is prepared, counsel your administrator, ask him whether he supports your arrangement. Numerous exposition journalists abstain from counseling their bosses, which is a serious mix-up. You may have issues in the event that you don't demonstrate your work to your director, and it isn't savvy to decline the help of your mentor. All things considered, we are certain that on the off chance that you utilize these tips, you will be one of those fortunate thesis essayists who compose their papers without issues.

Your February Updates Notes Form

Your February Updates Notes Form Hi Everyone, The MIT February Updates Notes Form is now available on MyMIT. Wait! Before you fill this form out, please read some important info below. First, though, relax! This is easy, and you dont need to worry about getting it wrong dont stress! What is it? The MIT February Updates Notes Form is an online form that is required of all students (including those admitted or deferred in Early Action), and is to be completed by you, the applicant. This form serves two purposes: to share your newest grades, and give you an opportunity to mention other updates since you submitted your application. Who should fill it out? Everyone! Even those already accepted in Early Action. When should I fill it out? As soon as possible after grades are available for the fall semester or second quarter. (If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades, even if we already have them.) Please send us the form once your grades are released, OR by February 15th, whichever is earlier. The form must be submitted no later than February 15th. Wait! I wont have any grades before February 15th! Even if you have no new grades to report, you should still complete the February Updates Notes Form. You should then submit your midyear grades to us as soon as theyre available. My counselor/school already sent my midyear grades. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You are still required to complete the form with your latest grades. My school does not provide midyear grades or progress reports. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. I am homeschooled. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You should provide any and all grades available for classes youve taken in your current academic year. I am no longer attending school. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. Got it. Ok, how do I fill this form out? The form has fields for you to report your coursework and grades. This is similar to the Self-Reported Coursework Form from the Part 2 of the application, except that were only looking for current-year courses and grades. And were only looking for this from students with something to report. If youre in a school that doesnt have midyear grades, or youve already graduated, dont worry, youre all set just skip this section.? Next, we have provided you with a simple text box. This is the best place for any new updates you want us to know about. Remember, the final date to submit the FUN Form is February 15th. But wait, theres not enough space in the updates section! Feel free to write in bullet points or use more casual language. This section has a maximum of 250 words. I know thats not a lot, but do your best to be concise. How do I fill out the grades section? Make it clean please. Like this: BC Calculus 89 IB Chemistry HL 97 Japanese A- Or, if you have quarter grades: Biology A, A- AP Economics 96,92 Or, if you feel like you need to explain something put it only in the subject section like this: Java I (taken at B.C.C.) A+ multivariable Calc (Online) Pass In the Grades box, please list only grades, no text. For example, it is sufficient to write B+ rather than B+ (Final grade) or B+ (online course). If your transcript provides quarter grades and a midterm exam grade but no semester grade, you should list the quarter grades and the midterm exam grade. Dont create your own average, or report your best guess as to what your grade will be. If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades. If you have more classes to report grades for than spaces available, just continue reporting them in the updates text box. Other special circumstances? Some schools including many international schools have no concept of midyear grades. This is okay. You can ignore the text boxes and simply choose the option, I attend a school that does not provide midyear grades. Report your grades just the way they would appear on your transcript. No need to convert them to a letter system. If you need to explain your schools grading system, just put it in the updates section.? Some schools will not release midyear grades until after the February Updates Notes deadline of February 15th. This is okay. You should choose the option Semester grades will be available on ______________________ and I will mail or fax them to you at that time. (Dont forget to actually do that once theyre available too.)? Some of you have graduated already and have no new grades to report. You should choose the option, Im not currently attending school; MIT has all of my grades. You got all that? We are looking forward to getting your form on time. Thanks for taking care of business! Your February Updates Notes Form Hi Everyone, The MIT February Updates Notes Form is now available on MyMIT. Wait! Before you fill this form out, please read some important info below. First, though, relax! This is easy, and you don’t need to worry about “getting it wrong” don’t stress! What is it? The MIT February Updates Notes Form is an online form that is required of all students (including those admitted or deferred in Early Action), and is to be completed by you, the applicant. This form serves two purposes: to share your newest grades, and give you an opportunity to mention other updates since you submitted your application. Who should fill it out? Everyone! Even those already accepted in Early Action. When should I fill it out? As soon as possible after grades are available for the fall semester or second quarter. (If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades, even if we already have them.) Please send us the form once your grades are released, OR by February 15th, whichever is earlier. The form must be submitted no later than February 15th. Wait! I won’t have any grades before February 15th! Even if you have no new grades to report, you should still complete the February Updates Notes Form. You should then submit your midyear grades to us as soon as they’re available. My counselor/school already sent my midyear grades. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You are still required to complete the form with your latest grades. My school does not provide midyear grades or progress reports. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. I am homeschooled. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You should provide any and all grades available for classes you’ve taken in your current academic year. I am no longer attending school. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. Got it. Ok, how do I fill this form out? The form has fields for you to report your coursework and grades. This is similar to the Self-Reported Coursework Form from the Part 2 of the application, except that were only looking for current-year courses and grades. And were only looking for this from students with something to report. If youre in a school that doesnt have midyear grades, or youve already graduated, dont worry, youre all set â€" just skip this section. Next, we have provided you with a simple text box. This is the best place for any new updates you want us to know about. Remember, the final date to submit the FUN Form is February 15th. But wait, theres not enough space in the updates section! Feel free to write in bullet points or use more casual language. This section has a maximum of 250 words. I know that’s not a lot, but do your best to be concise. How do I fill out the grades section? Make it clean please. Like this: BC Calculus 89 IB Chemistry HL 97 Japanese A- Or, if you have quarter grades: Biology A, A- AP Economics 96,92 Or, if you feel like you need to explain something â€" put it only in the subject section like this: Java I (taken at B.C.C.) A+ multivariable Calc (Online) Pass In the Grades box, please list only grades, no text. For example, it is sufficient to write B+ rather than B+ (Final grade) or B+ (online course). If your transcript provides quarter grades and a midterm exam grade but no semester grade, you should list the quarter grades and the midterm exam grade. Don’t create your own average, or report your best guess as to what your grade will be. If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades. If you have more classes to report grades for than spaces available, just continue reporting them in the updates text box. Other special circumstances? Some schools including many international schools have no concept of midyear grades. This is okay. You can ignore the text boxes and simply choose the option, I attend a school that does not provide midyear grades. Report your grades just the way they would appear on your transcript. No need to convert them to a letter system. If you need to explain your school’s grading system, just put it in the updates section. Some schools will not release midyear grades until after the February Updates Notes deadline of February 15th. This is okay. You should choose the option Semester grades will be available on ______________________ and I will mail or fax them to you at that time. (Don’t forget to actually do that once they’re available too.) Some of you have graduated already and have no new grades to report. You should choose the option, I’m not currently attending school; MIT has all of my grades. You got all that? We are looking forward to getting your form on time. Thanks for taking care of business! Post Tagged #FAQs #FUN (February Updates and Notes) form #FUN form Your February Updates Notes Form Hi Everyone, The MIT February Updates Notes Form is now available on MyMIT. Wait! Before you fill this form out, please read some important info below. First, though, relax! This is easy, and you dont need to worry about getting it wrong dont stress! What is it? The MIT February Updates Notes Form is an online form that is required of all students (including those admitted or deferred in Early Action), and is to be completed by you, the applicant. This form serves two purposes: to share your newest grades, and give you an opportunity to mention other updates since you submitted your application. Who should fill it out? Everyone! Even those already accepted in Early Action. When should I fill it out? As soon as possible after grades are available for the fall semester or second quarter. (If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades, even if we already have them.) Please send us the form once your grades are released, OR by February 15th, whichever is earlier. The form must be submitted no later than February 15th. Wait! I wont have any grades before February 15th! Even if you have no new grades to report, you should still complete the February Updates Notes Form. You should then submit your midyear grades to us as soon as theyre available. My counselor/school already sent my midyear grades. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You are still required to complete the form with your latest grades. My school does not provide midyear grades or progress reports. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. I am homeschooled. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You should provide any and all grades available for classes youve taken in your current academic year. I am no longer attending school. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. Got it. Ok, how do I fill this form out? The form has fields for you to report your coursework and grades. This is similar to the Self-Reported Coursework Form from the Part 2 of the application, except that were only looking for current-year courses and grades. And were only looking for this from students with something to report. If youre in a school that doesnt have midyear grades, or youve already graduated, dont worry, youre all set just skip this section.? Next, we have provided you with a simple text box. This is the best place for any new updates you want us to know about. Feel free to write in bullet points or use more casual language. This section has a maximum of 250 words. I know thats not a lot, but do your best to be concise. Remember, the final date to submit the FUN Form is February 15th. ? How do I fill out the grades section? Make it clean please. Like this: Biology A+ AP Calculus A- Or, if you have quarter grades: English A, B+ Japanese 95,88 Or, if you feel like you need to explain something put it only in the subject section like this: Java I (taken at B.C.C.) A+ Multivariable Calc (Online) Pass In the Grades box, please list only grades, no text. For example, it is sufficient to write B+ rather than B+ (Final grade) or B+ (online course). If your transcript provides quarter grades and a midterm exam grade but no semester grade, you should list the quarter grades and the midterm exam grade. Dont create your own average, or report your best guess as to what your grade will be.? If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades. If you have more classes to report grades for than spaces available, just continue reporting them in the updates text box. Other special circumstances? Some schools including many international schools have no concept of midyear grades. This is okay. You can ignore the text boxes and simply choose the option, I attend a school that does not provide midyear grades. Report your grades just the way they would appear on your transcript. No need to convert them to a letter system. If you need to explain your schools grading system, just put it in the updates section.? Some schools will not release midyear grades until after the February Updates Notes deadline of February 15th. This is okay. You should choose the option Semester grades will be available on ______________________ and I will mail or fax them to you at that time. (Dont forget to actually do that once theyre available too.)? Some of you have graduated already and have no new grades to report. You should choose the option, Im not currently attending school; MIT has all of my grades. You got all that? We are looking forward to getting your form on time. Thanks for taking care of business!

Who Led the Conspiracy to Assassinate Julius Caesar

We really dont know who led the conspiracy, but we have a good idea, especially since Brutus and Cassius were the leaders after the fact at Philippi. Gaius Longinus Cassius claimed the honor. He said that since he had tried to assassinate Julius Caesar at Tarsus in the spring of 47 B.C., that made him first conspirator, according to J. P. V. D. Balsdon [cf Cicero Philippics 2.26 [Cassius was] a man who even without the assistance of these other most illustrious men, would have accomplished this same deed in Cilicia, at the mouth of the river Cydnus, if Caesar had brought his ships to that bank of the river which he had intended, and not to the opposite one.]. Cassius is not the only one who claimed to have tried to assassinate Caesar earlier. Balsdon says that Mark Antony had had a last minute change of heart in 45 B.C. when he and Trebonius planned to kill Caesar at Narbo. It was for that reason that Trebonius detained him outside and that Mark Antony wasnt even asked to join the band of perhaps 60-80 senators who wanted Caesar dead. The first assassin to stab Julius Caesar is another, but less likely candidate for head of the liberatores (the term the assassins used for themselves). He was Publius Servilius Casca. Marcus Brutus is the preferred candidate for leader, not because he was the instigator, but because his presence and prestige was considered essential to success. Brutus was the (half) nephew of the martyred Cato. Brutus was, likewise, an idealist. He was also married to Catos daughter Porcia, probably the only woman in the conspiracy, although she was not an assassin. Ancient Historians on the Conspiracy and Assassination of Julius Caesar Velleius Paterculus, Suetonius, Cassius Dio, Nicolaus of DamascusPlutarch on the Assassination References The Ides of March, by J.P.V.D. Balsdon, Historia, 1958.The Ides of March: Some New Problems, by Nicholas Horsfall, Greece and Rome, 1974.The Conspiracy and the Conspirtors, by R.E. Smith, Greece and Rome, 1957.Existimatio, Fama, and the Ides of March, by Zvi Yavetz,Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 1974.

The Problem Of College Education - 899 Words

Everyone has been socialized to value education since a very young age even if the reasons behind this value are different to those of other people’s. The first couple of years for college students have got to be the hardest because of such drastic changes taking place. There are so many decisions that must be made and that will most likely define who one is for the rest of his or her life. However, there are also new, fun, and exciting experiences awaiting. Beyond getting a piece of paper printed with the word degree on it, getting an excellent education, not just a degree should be the primary focus while in college. It is startling to realize how much of a problem college education has become to some individuals. The typical reason a student finishes high school is because they are told since they begin school that they must get good grades to get into college. What happens when they do get in though, what is the next step? For some it might be getting a good paying job or career but that should not be the only reason for attending college. However, not much is being learned these days, and students are just not motivated (Roksa and Arum 35). It is difficult to measure exactly how much growth is involved cognitively and intellectually (Renn and Reason 202). Nonetheless it is known that the average undergraduate only increases a 7 percentile in critical thinking, analytical reasoning, and writing skills during the first two years in college (Roksa and Arum 35). The lackShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of College And Higher Education1630 Words   |  7 PagesKyle Laffin is seen as a typical mid 20’s American. He attended college to pursue a degree in accounting and financial freedom, but this came at a cost which he didn’t imagine. He took out a loan with his dad as a co-signer of a little over $100,000. Even though he got an accounting job directly out of college, he is now stuck paying back a monthly loan payment of $1,200 when he only make s $40,000 a year. This has forced his father to make payment since he cosigned the loan. His father began workingRead MoreProblems and Prospect Business Education in Nigeria Colleges of Education5490 Words   |  22 Pages   Semantic Modeling in Accounting Education, Practice, and Research: Some Progress and Impediments   Ã‚  Ã‚   by    William E. McCarthy, Arthur Andersen Alumni Professor Department of Accounting, Michigan State University                ____________________________________________________________ _ Published in: Conceptual Modeling: Current Issues and Future Directions, Editors: P. P. Chen, J. Akoka, H Kangassalo, and B. Thalheim. Springer Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, 1999, pp. 144-53. 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In order to address this education gap a few things need to be called to action and or either accomplished: attrition rate of teachers, parents of students need to become more involved in their childrenà ¢â‚¬â„¢s education, the lack of reading comprehension with students needs to be addressed and solvedRead MoreEducation Is The Most Powerful Weapon1373 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon we can use to change the world† (Nelson Mandela). United States. has a powerful educational arsenal, its community colleges. For the reason being, community college should be free for students of less fortunate and other students who cannot afford college after high school. If the government proposed free community college to the students, each and everyone will have the chance to get an education as well the opportunity to have a better future. Free communityRead MoreAn Education Is More Important993 Words   |  4 PagesAn Education is More Important In the world, there are over a thousand professional athletes. There are only a handful of these player that have a four year college education. The National Football League (NFL); they draft two hundred and fifty-six college athletes. Hickman stated that five out of ten NFL players have a college degree. This is one of the higher percentage for professional athletes having a college degree. To declare for the NFL a player must complete two years of college football

Recruitment and training at Starbucks Free Essays

Induction training is a process where a business teaches its new employees how the business works. One benefit of this is that it is a good way to provide the new staff with the general information of the business, such as health safety, security, personnel and the departmental systems. This improves the employees’ understanding of the business, which can increase motivation in the business. We will write a custom essay sample on Recruitment and training at Starbucks or any similar topic only for you Order Now Another benefit is that the new employees can contribute to the business more quickly, as they would already know how the business works, and what their role is in the business. The level of experience required for a store manager would be greater than it would be for the barista position. The barista position could be a first job for people, so it would be better for them to fill in an application form, as they would have no previous jobs on their application form. It also means that Starbucks gets only the information that they wanted, as they are put on the application form. If the applicant has no major qualifications that would be put on a CV, then they would be able to go on the educational program that Starbucks provides if they get the job. For example, underqualified baristas could go on the ‘learning to lead’ program, so that they can potentially reach manager level at Starbucks if they do internal recruitment. The reason that people applying for a barista would have to go to the Starbucks store to get an application form is that each store has its own manager or team that would deal with recruiting new staff. Recruiting a new manager is different because the Head Office would deal with that, as they might assign the applicant to a store, which is why they can apply online. When Starbucks decides to recruit a manager, the job description would have more information than one for a barista. Shortlisting would also be a bigger task when choosing a manager, because if the same number of people applied for baristas as they did for managers, there would most likely be fewer positions for managers. This means that the number of applicants has to be cut down more during shortlisting and the best way to do that would be to make the job specification as detailed as possible. The Internet is better for advertising jobs, as it can be updated faster. When the job description and person specification are completed, they might have to be sent to a newspaper, and they might have to wait until the next day before the advertisement would be put in. There would also been a fee that they would have to pay when they want to put a poster up or if they want to put an advert in a newspaper. The cheapest way to do post vacancies would be to post it on their own website. It would also make it possible for people to apply for the position online. Starbucks could have a questionnaire that can be filled in online which could replace some of the assessments that would be done in person. This could be cheaper, as it would mean less time would have to be spent at an assessment centre. A route that might get more views would be to post the vacancies on an employment website. If many people go to this website, they will see the vacancy along with other companies’ vacanci es. Although this will cost money, it may only involve paying a small fee every time someone clicks on the link for the job description. For a barista, the training needed for them would be more basic than it would be for the manager position. A new manager would be expected to have some previous experience, if not from Starbucks, then from somewhere else. If this is the first time they have been a manager, then they would have to learn skills that will suit the job. This means that they would use the Management Practice training course in the ‘learning to lead’ program, or the ‘business and communication’ program run by the Starbucks Support Centre. Both of these would be off-the-job training. New baristas would have more on-the-job training, which would mean that they learn the skills from people that already work at the selected Starbucks. It also gives them a first hand experience of how the business works. Unfortunately, if the trainer has any bad habits in the business or takes any shortcuts, they could be passed onto the new staff he is training. If a barista does not have many qualifications, or does not have many business skills, then they can also go on some of the courses offered by the SSC, such as the computer skills course or the conflict resolution course if they hope to become a manager at some point in the future. If there are people who work in Starbucks who have a major interest in coffee, they might go on the ‘coffee education’ course, so that they can find out more about coffee. This would be useful for managers, as it means that they will understand their project better. In addition, if a customer wanted to know more about the coffee they are using, they would be able to ask the staff and get some information from them. How to cite Recruitment and training at Starbucks, Papers

Zero Effort Network Essays - Windows API, Btrieve,

Zero Effort Network Zero Effort Networks (Z.E.N. works) is a great new tool in NetWare 5, that makes the network administrator's job a lot easier by allowing him to spend less time at each user workstation. To be able to use the Z.E.N. works these are the minimum hardware requirements: ? Processor: 486/33 or higher ? Memory: 16 MB (for Windows 95); 24 MB (for Windows NT) ? Hard disk space: 4 MB (workstation; 24 MB (full station) Z.E.N. works needs to be installed on the server and the client on the workstation needs to be updated. During the installation process Dynamic Link Libraries (DLLs) are copied to the workstation. DLLs contain subprograms that are called by an application to perform certain operations. Another utility that is included in Z.E.N. works to help the distribution and management of applications is the Application Launcher, which consists of four major components: ? Snap-in DLL ? Snapshot ? Application objects in the NDS tree ? Application Launcher Window and Application object The snAppShot utility allows you take a "snapshot" of the Windows workstation before installing the application. The snapshot includes Registry settings along with the names of system and application files on the workstation. After the application has been installed, the snAppShot utility takes another picture of the workstation's configuration and then uses the two snapshots to create an Application Object Template (AOT) file. The Application Launcher uses the AOT file to determine what Registry settings and system files need to be copied to the workstation to run the application from the network. In addition to including configuration settings and system file names, the AOT file also contains the name of the Application object and the path where you want to store the AOT and installation files. Consequently, before running the snAppShot utility, you need to define the name you want to use for the Application object and decide where the application and AOT files will be stored. The Application Launcher software consists of two components: the wrapper program and the launcher. The wrapper program determines which launcher program (NALW31.EXE, NALWIN32.EXE, or NAL.EXE) to run based on the client computer's operating system. The launcher program then determines the Application objects to which the user has access and displays a window showing all applications the user has been authorized to run. When the user selects an application, the launcher determines whether the application is installed on the workstation. If this is the first time the user has run the application from this workstation, the application will automatically be installed using the AOT file created by the snAppShot utility. If Application Launcher senses that the application configuration has been damaged, or files are missing or corrupt, it will automatically correct the application configuration and copy and damaged or missing files.

How to Write an Education Research Paper A Complete Guide

How to Write an Education Research Paper A Complete Guide An education research paper is a text including original research by the author and intended for publication in a peer-reviewed academic journal. Its size may vary and largely depends on the requirements of the topic – there is no strictly assigned minimal word count. It is quite possible to publish a fairly short paper if your findings can be expressed in a short text. A research paper is intended for review by other researchers in the field, which means that you have to be ready for opposition and counter-arguments to your ideas. Therefore, it pays to be prepared and includes references to potential opposing views and their reputation in the text of a paper. Peer-reviewed papers are the main method of sharing one’s research and progressing science. If you are not going to become a teacher but intend to study the theory of education academically, you will have to learn how to write them – and it is better to begin early on. In this guide, we will try to help you with this education research paper tips from our experts. Step 1: Topic The main purpose of a research paper as an academic assignment is to evaluate your ability to do independent, unsupervised research in your field. As a result, usually, you are free to choose any topic within the confines of your discipline. However, even if your choice is rigidly limited by your instructor’s guidelines, usually you have enough leeway to pick something sufficiently convenient to write about. Choose something you are passionate about. Writing about something you yourself are interested in is easier and more pleasant than writing just because you’ve been assigned a task to write about it. The results are also going to be better than when you write something out of sheer necessity; Choose a topic with enough research to work with. There is nothing more frustrating than to discover too late that there is but a couple of information sources on your subject. Check the existing body of research beforehand; Make sure your topic is sufficiently new. Use academic indexing and search services like EBSCO, Google Scholar or Sweet Search and run a search using the main keywords from your intended topic. If you find existing works that cover the same or almost the same subject, at least read them before attempting to write about it – if you don’t have anything new to say, better pick another topic; Make sure your topic is pertinent to your class/course/guidelines. You will be amazed how many students make a mistake of picking an irrelevant research topic, to begin with. Consult your instructor if you are in doubt; Be original. Consider what your classmates are going to write about and avoid too obvious topics. If possible, ask what other people are writing about – you cannot write an original paper if you use the same topic as half of your class; Be ready to change the topic if necessary. If you choose a topic, start research and suddenly find that proceeding with it would be a pain (too little information, the topic is too boring or unoriginal, etc.), better cut your losses and change it before you do too much work. You may be unwilling to let the work you’ve already done go down the drain, but it is better to give up now and try something else than waste time working on a topic you may have to abandon anyway. Here are some topics to give you an impression of what you should be aiming for: Learning Methods for Blind Children: Existing Approaches, Challenges and Possibilities Opened up by Technology; Technology and Lesson Planning: Current and Potential Application; Anti-Bullying Measures in Educational Institutions; Recesses in Elementary Schools: Wasteful Loss of Time or a Necessary Part of Normal Development? The Influence of Start Time at School on the Efficiency of Learning; Year-Round Education: Potential Advantages and Drawbacks. Step 2: Thesis Statement A thesis statement is a concise statement of the purpose of your research: your opinion on the subject matter is based on the research you have carried out. It is different from the topic – a topic merely describes what your research paper is about, the thesis statement additionally declares your point of view. E.g., â€Å"Free College Tuition: Flaws and Benefits† is a topic. â€Å"Based on my research, free college tuition puts serious economic stress on the country while decreasing the quality of education† is a thesis statement. A thesis statement is more or less your entire research paper confined in a single sentence. After reading it, anybody should get a good impression of what to expect in the rest of your paper. This is why you should take care to place it at the beginning of your text, preferably in the first or second paragraph. This way the reader won’t have to scan through your paper looking for it. Make sure it is: Concise (no longer than 1-2 sentences); Clear (don’t use vague language); Relevant (you may need to modify it after you finish the paper); Contains the most important point of your paper. Step 3: Sources The value of your education research paper to a considerable extent will be evaluated based on the quality and number of sources you use for information. The most important type of sources that should constitute the bulk of your bibliography is peer-reviewed papers published in well-reputed academic journals and magazines. However, other sources are acceptable as well: books and other publications, newspapers, mass media, websites, blogs, videos and so on. They are, however, treated as sources of poorer quality, and you shouldn’t rely on them too much. However, it doesn’t mean that you can use any peer-reviewed paper without reservations. You should carefully evaluate each source you are about to use. This is done primarily by following a checklist of questions to ask yourself: What do you know about the author? What are his credentials? Is he an expert on the issue? Is it possible to find out more about his relation to the topic? Can you contact him? Has he written other papers on the same or similar topic (run a search in academic databases)? Have other credible sources referred to this paper? What do you know about the publisher? Does it have sponsors or affiliations? If it is an online source, who links to the page and are they credible? Does this publisher take responsibility for the content it publishes? Do you see any signs of bias? Emotional language? Does the personality of the author or the nature of the organization suggest the possibility of bias? Is the purpose of publication to inform or to persuade the reader? Is it logical for the author to have an agenda? Does the author cite his sources? Is the information provided by the source reliable? Does the author back up his claims with citations? Are the claims verifiable? When was the source published? Does it contain current information? You should also know how to differentiate between primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are factual first-hand accounts, such as documents, statistics, diaries, journals, mass media accounts, photographs and so on. They aren’t interpretive – they tell about facts without analyzing them. Secondary sources are the ones that interpret and analyze primary ones. Research papers, biographies, book reviews, analytical evaluations of experiments all go in this category. Primary sources aren’t better or more valuable than the secondary ones – they simply follow a different goal and should be used when appropriate. A high-quality research paper maintains a healthy balance between the two. Step 4: Outline An outline is a short summary or plan of your paper where you mark down its structure and enumerate all the important points you have to make in particular places. It is done mainly to organize your thoughts and to make sure you don’t forget anything when writing. Some students forgo writing an outline believing that they know enough about the topic to write about it without notes, but we don’t recommend to do so – in the long run, ten minutes writing an outline can save you hours you would otherwise waste rewriting things after you remember to put something in the middle of an already finished segment. There are two types of outlines: A topic outline marks points with short phrases a few words each. E.g., ‘Behavior of school bullies. Gender Differences’; A sentence outline relies on complete sentences, e.g., ‘Male and female bullies demonstrate differences in their behavior’. Use this in large research papers full of small points where a few words may not be enough to glean the meaning of a point. Step 5: Writing a Few Tricks from Our Writers Writing the main part of an education paper, i.e., its body paragraphs can be done much easier if you follow these principles from the outset: Don’t expect to finish your paper in a single draft. As your research goes on, you may find it necessary to rewrite, reorganize or just cut parts of it, sometimes big parts. This means that you don’t have to get everything just right the first time around – make it your rule first to write, and revise later; Read the sources you cite. If you find a quote you like in one of your sources, either quote it by attaching â€Å"as cited in† to it or find the book in question and read it. It is embarrassingly easy to find out if you haven’t read this or that source, and you don’t want to risk your reputation because of a mere citation; Try to use mostly short sentences, about 20-25 words long, but don’t make them all of the uniform length – it reads unnaturally. Introduce longer and shorter sentences now and then to maintain a more natural rhythm; Organize your references according to your assigned formatting style. Most education papers are written in APA, but your college may have different preferences, so make sure to check it. If APA it is, don’t use foot- and endnotes. APA believes that anything worth quoting is also worth being put directly in the text because footnotes disrupt the text and force the reader to tear away from the place he deals with to go looking for them. What isn’t important enough to be put into the body of the text shouldn’t be quoted at all; Use a single point or idea per paragraph. Every paragraph should follow more or less the same structure: preliminary information – supporting evidence – potential counter-arguments – connection to the next paragraph. Step 6: Revision No matter how good you are at writing, your research paper needs revision, and you should consider it to be a legitimate part of the writing process. Therefore, set aside a specific amount of time to do it and don’t decide to proofread the text if there is some time left after writing. If you don’t decide in advance that you are going to proofread it and how much time you will need for it, there won’t be any time left. Ideally, you should finish your paper at least a few days before the official deadline – this will give you enough breathing room. Make cuts. Anything that can be expressed in fewer words should be. Any word or sentence that isn’t needed to draw a bigger picture should go. The more laconic your paper is, the better; See if all parts (chapter and paragraphs) are connected to each other and there are no leaps of logic; Check your style. If you find yourself using contractions, slang, jargon or colloquial words, eliminate them; Do you use overly long and complicated words to make your speech more impressive? If so, replace them with shorter, simpler words – but only if it is necessary, don’t oversimplify your language. You will learn how to see the difference in time; Ask yourself: if you were reading your paper for the first time, would you understand everything? If the answer is no, then you are doing something wrong. Writing an education research paper doesn’t come to one easily, but this education research paper writing guide will lead you through writing your first education research paper – and after that, you can concentrate on developing a style of your own.

To Kill a Mockingbird Overview

To Kill a Mockingbird Overview To Kill a Mockingbird is a searing portrayal of racial prejudice, justice, and innocence lost into a complex mixture of childish naivete and mature observation, while simultaneously being a sort of love letter to small town Southern life. The end result is a novel that is both a brilliant rendering of a specific time and place as well as a study in the meaning of justice, the loss of innocence, and the realization that a place can be both a beloved childhood memory and where you first realized there was evil in the world. Plot Summary Scout Finch lives with her father, a lawyer and widower by the name of Atticus, and her brother, a young boy named Jem. The first part of the To Kill a Mockingbird tells of one summer. Jem and Scout play, make new friends, and first come to know of a shadowy figure by the name of Boo Radley, who lives in a neighboring house and yet is never seen. A young black man named Tom Robinson is accused of raping a white woman. Atticus takes on the case, despite the vitriol this arouses in the largely white, racist townsfolk. When the time of the trial comes around, Atticus proves that the girl that Tom Robinson is accused of raping actually seduced him, and that the injuries to her face were caused by her father, angry that she had tried to sleep with a black man. The all-white jury nevertheless convicts Robinson and he is later killed by while trying to escape from jail. The girls father, who holds a grudge against Atticus because of some of the things he said in court, waylays Scout and Jem as they walk home one night. They are saved by the mysterious Boo, who disarms their attacker and kills him. Major Characters Scout Finch. Jean Louise ‛Scout’ Finch is the narrator and main character of the novel. Scout is a ‛tomboy’ who rejects traditional feminine roles and trappings. Scout initially believes that there is always a clear right and wrong in every situation; as Scout grows older, she begins to understand more about the world around her and begins to value reading and education more. Atticus Finch. Scout’s widower father is an attorney. Atticus is a bit of an iconoclast. He values education and indulges his children, trusting their judgment despite their young age. He is an intelligent, moral man who believes strongly in the rule of law and the necessity of blind justice. Jem Finch. Jeremy Atticus ‛Jem’ Finch is Scout’s older brother. He is protective of his status and often uses his superior age to force Scout to do things his way. He has a rich imagination and an energetic approach to life, but displays difficulty dealing with other people who do not rise to his standard. Boo Radley. A troubled recluse who lives next door to the Finches (but never leaves the house), Boo Radley is the subject of many rumors. Boo naturally fascinates the Finch children, and displays affection and kindness towards them, ultimately rescuing them from danger. Tom Robinson. Tom Robinson is a black man who supports his family by working as a field hand despite having a crippled left arm. He is charged with the rape of a white woman, and Atticus defends him. Major Themes Maturation. Scout and Jem are frequently confused about the motivations and reasoning of the adults around them. Lee explores the way that growing up and maturing into adults makes the world clearer while also less magical and more difficult, ultimately connecting racism with childish fears that adults ought not to experience. Prejudice. Lee explores the effects of prejudice of all kinds- racism, classism, and sexism. Lee makes it clear that racism is inextricably linked to economics, politics, and self-image. Sexism is explored in the novel through Scout and her constant battle to engage in behaviors she finds interesting instead of ‛appropriate’ behaviors for a girl. Justice and Morality. In the earlier parts of the novel Scout believes that morality and justice are the same thing. Tom Robinson’s trial and her observation of her father’s experiences teach her that there is often a stark difference between what is right and what is legal. Literary Style The novel utilizes subtly layered narration; it can be easy to forget that the story is actually being told by a grown-up, adult Jenna Louise and not the 6-year old Scout. Lee also restricts the point-of-view to Scout and what she directly observes, creating an air of mystery for the reader that mimics the childish sense of not quite understanding what all the adults are up to. About the Author Harper Lee was born in 1926 in Monroeville, Alabama. She published To Kill a Mockingbird in 1960 to instant acclaim, winning the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. She then worked with her friend Truman Capote on what would become Capote’s ‛nonfiction novel,’ In Cold Blood. Lee retreated from public life afterwards, granting few interviews and making almost no public appearances- and publishing almost no new material. She passed away in 2016 at the age of 89. Fast Facts Literature Study Guide Title: To Kill a MockingbirdAuthor: Harper LeePublisher: J.B. Lippincott Co.Year Published: 1960Genre: FictionType of Work: NovelOriginal language: EnglishThemes: Prejudice, justice, growing upCharacters: Scout Finch, Atticus Finch, Jem Finch, Tom Robinson, CalpurniaNotable adaptations: A 1962 film adaptation starring Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch. Peck won a Best Actor Oscar for the role, and Harper Lee expressed satisfaction with the adaptation.Fun Fact: The ‛sequel’ novel Lee published in 2015 just a year before her death is actually first draft of To Kill a Mockingbird that was rejected by publishers. Lee took what were flashback scenes to Scout’s childhood and built on those to revise the novel into what became To Kill a Mockingbird.

Takehome midterm Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Takehome midterm - Assignment Example Bus on the other hand reasons that males get jealous due to physical cheating since he may not be certain about the paternity of the child born out of the relationship. Therefore, the thought of not being the father is laced with jealousy. On the part of women, emotional jealousy springs up if the woman is not sure about protection of resources for the children. According to these thinkers and scholars, the brain is configured with inbuilt with innate or unchangeable parts or forms of computational intuitions. This is to say that human beings are born with some skewed form intelligence which is to imply that human minds are pre-disposed with some form of knowledge. For instance, if a person is born, he or she would intuitively know what plants, people, non-living things, living things are. However, if a physical impact or injury is occasioned to the brain, then it would mean that the brain would be in a position to recall all the things that it had learnt and knew prior to the injury. This is to imply that a brain damage or injury cannot erase all the things and concepts that the brain knew prior to the injury on it. 3) Pinker and Tomasello both address the issue of poverty of stimulus when trying to explain language acquisition. How does it support Pinker’s view, and what does Tomasello have to say about Pinker’s argument? According to Pinker, human brains are innately and unequipped with the ability of them to speak languages even if the people are not necessarily the taught. This is to say once a person is born, he or she would have the instinctive ability to speak a language regardless of the geographic environment in which the person is born into. According to his line of thoughts and arguments, a child once born would have the ability to speak instinctive languages, but since their brains develop, it becomes difficult for their developing brains to grow accordingly since there are not educated on

Traditional Practice of Buddism in Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Traditional Practice of Buddism in Asia - Essay Example Thesis statement: The contrast study proves that Buddhism practiced by contemporary Americans and traditional practices of Buddhism in Asia are different due to the difference in the role of women in religious matters, difference between text-based and meditation-centered practice, difference between traditional and reinterpreted Buddhism, and cultural differences (special references to American and Asian Buddhist practices). Buddhism practiced by contemporary Americans Buddhism practiced by contemporary Americans is a hybrid variety of Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan, Cambodian, Thai and Burmese Buddhist traditions. Seager made clear that â€Å"There are many forms of American Buddhism and many different Buddhist rituals, most of which have their origins in Asia but are being transplanted and adapted to the United States† (4). Besides, trade and commerce played an important role in the spread of Buddhist practice in America. To be specific, the American merchant ship, namely †˜The Empress of China’ aiming to expand trade and commerce with China, reached Canton in the year 1784 and introduced Buddhism in America. In addition, the immigrants from China who happened to reach the mainland of America in 1820s spread Buddhist practices in America. The World parliament of Religions (Chicago, 1893) deeply influenced the spread of Japanese Buddhism in America. Later, the influx of Tibetan immigrants to America due to Chinese holocaust in Tibet introduced Tibetan Buddhist practice in America. The instability in the Asian nations like Laos and Thailand resulted in the large scale immigration of Asians to America. Besides, this resulted in the introduction of Theravada tradition of Buddhism in America. So, Buddhism practiced by contemporary Americans is not rigid but flexible. To be specific, the amalgamation of different Buddhist traditions deeply rooted in the Indian Buddhism is the foundation of the Buddhist practices in contemporary America. This helped the American Buddhism to accept the core elements of American culture. Traditional practice of Buddhism in Asia The traditional practice of Buddhism in Asia is based upon Gautama Buddha’s preaching. Within this context, Buddhism does not believe in the existence of the God. Instead, Buddhism proclaims that one can attain salvation or ‘moksha’ through mediation. The Buddhist philosophy or the teachings of Gautama Buddha is the core aspect of the traditional practice of Buddhism in Asia. Besides, the traditional practice of Buddhism in Asia is able to incorporate different cultural aspects. To be specific, the Indian Buddhism can be considered as an extension of Hinduism. For instance, most of the practices of Indian Buddhism are deeply rooted in the practices of Hinduism. The only difference is that Hinduism believes in the existence of God but Buddhism discards the same. Within this context, Buddhism accepted some elements of Hinduism and became popular beyond In dian context. This characteristic of assimilation was helpful for Buddhism to spread to the different parts of Asia. Swearer made clear that â€Å"Buddhist monks in Southeast Asia have taken leadership roles in causes that have led to both direct and indirect political consequences† (132). In China, Japan, Tibet and other Asian nations, Buddhism accepted

Variance Analysis As A Tool For Effective Planning Accounting Essay

Variance Analysis As A Tool For Effective Planning Accounting Essay Abstract This project analysis the significance of variance analysis as a tool for effective planning in flour mills industries the project view planning variance analysis and standard costing primary and secondary are used. The use of primary data was heavily relied upon via questionnaire administered, the research adopt simple percentage in testing research Hypothesis. The finding of the project show the significant variance analysis in providing information to management to meet the objectives of an organisation. On the basis of the findings the projects finally offered some recommendation aimed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of variance analysis information. table of contents Title page Declaration page Approval page Dedication page Acknowledgement Abstract Table of content Chapter one introduction General background of the study Statement of the problem Objectives of the study Research hypothesis Significance of the study Scope of the study Limitation of the study Definition of key terms Chapter two Literature review Variance analysis The purpose of variance analysis Responsibility for variance Making variance analysis more useful Planning 2.5.1 Types of planning 2.5.2 Long term (strategic) planning 2.5.3 short term (tactical) planning Advantages Disadvantages Standard costing 2.8.1 the basic steps involved in standard costing techniques 2.8.2 objectives of standard costing 2.8.3 the benefits of standard costing chapter three Research methodology Introduction Population of the study Sample size Sampling technique used Method of data collection Method of data analysis Chapter four Introduction Data presentation Data analysis Test of research hypothesis Chapter five Summary Conclusion (findings) Recommendations Bibliography Appendix Chapter one General background of the study introduction The survival of any organisation is dependent upon its decision to achieve its desired objectives. A definitive guide to management decision is information. Manage net need information for planning a2nd control for decision making. Accounting is of great importance to all levels of man agement and without accounting there would be stagnation and confusion which in extreme cases may lead to a complete break down of the system. (Kalu, 2002) in todays business environment, the development and use of information especially management accenting information is a critical factor in the effective management of an organisation. Management inform nation is not only concerned with the provision of financial information about cost and revenve it is also in response to the changing environment involved in the provision of non-financial information about productivity quality and other key success factors for the organisation. To ensure effective use of vaciance /analysis for planning the information provided by the management accounting system must be relevant, timely, complete, reliable, objective and under stardable amongst others. Statement of problem Effective planning of variance analysis has been playing a greater role as a tool of corporate survival especially in the present day complex business environment where having the best information is the key to success. Therefore the problem of the research work includes Non-Implementation variance analysis which may cause in effective planning in the flour mills industries. These problem necessitate the flour mills industries. objectives of the study The following are the objective with the study was conducted. To analysis how variance analysis assist in effective planning, that is how it helps in determining future prospers and objectives. To examines the efficiency and effectiveness of variance analysis. By looking into how it maximized wealth or production and minimizes wastage for the producing of expected out put and achievement of desire objective of the organisation. Research hypothesis For the power of this research, the following hypothesis were formulated and tested, H0 valance analysis would serve as a tool for effective planning. H1 valance analysis would serve a tool for effectine planning Significant of the study The significance of the study includes:- (To provide a successful way in which management would achieve their organisational objective through proper planning and sound control in the process of making decision by careful forecasting of future objective and maximizing or boosting of out put and avoiding or minimizing was tape for the achievement the organisation goals and objectives. Scope of the study/research The scope of the study cover the flour mills industries in Nigeria with particular reference to BUA Flour mills Nigeria Limited, Kano. This company is choose to be the case study out of the flour mills companies in Nigeria. Finding obtained there from were generalized on all flour mills companies in Nigerian. This is due to the fact that they belong to the same industry having Uniform method of preparation or modes as well as being guided by the same law status. Limitation of the study In the course of conducing this research work, making constraints were encounter which is beyond the control of the research due to their intensive nature. And gives the researcher tough time, among of which is sufficient time; inadequate time factors contributed to the smooth running of this researcher work. Also financial constraints is the key factor that contributed major by. Inadequate money given the researcher a very hard time in getting enough data. Other activates such as lecture time assignment and what have you contribution getting enough data for this research work. Definition of key terms Analysis:- this is the detailed study or examination of some thing in order to understand more about it. Decision:-This is a choice or judgment that you make after thinking and talking about what is best thing to do. Efficiency:- The quality of doing something well with no west of time or money. Effective:- This refers to producing the result that is wanted or intended, that producing a successful result. Management:- The act of running and controlling a business or similar organisation. Organisation:- A group of people who from a business etc together in order to achieve a particular aim. Planning:- his is any arrangement for closings using or achieving something in the future. Variance:- This refers to the amount by which some thing changes or is different from something else. Chapter two 2.0 literature review definition 2.1 variance analysis (lucey, 2006). The term variance is revelry used on its own. Usually it is qualified in some way, for example, direct material cost variance, direct labour efficiency variance and soon. The process by which the total difference between standard and actual costs is sub-divided is known as Variance analysis which can be defines The evaluation of performance by means of variances, whose timely reporting should maximises the opportunity for managerial action. (Dandago Tijjani, 2005): variance may be define as the difference between the Actual and standard cost while variance Analysis:- is the process of analyzing variance by sub-dividing the total variance in such a way that management can assign responsibility of off standard performance. Variance arise form differences between standard and actual quantities and / or differences between standard and actual price. These are the course of variance the reason for the difference have to be established by management investigation. Variance may be adverse, i.e. where actual cost is greater than stranded or they may be favorable i.e where actual cost is less standard. Alternatively they may be know as minus or plus variance respectively. 2.2 the purpose of variance analysis The purpose of variance analysis is to provide practical pointer to the causes of off-standard performance so that management can improve operations, increase efficiency ultilise resources more effectively and reduce costs it follows that overly elaborate variance analysis which is not under stood, variance that are not acted up on and variance which are calculated too long after the event do not fulfill the centre purpose of standard costing. 2.3 responsibility for variance ideally, variance should be detailed enough so that responsibility can be assigned to a particular individuals for a specific variance. Cost control is made much more difficult if responsibility for a variance is spread over several managers in such circumstances it is all too easy to- pass the back. 2.4 making variance analysis more useful it is not sufficient merely to be able to describe and calculate variance to make variance analysis in to a useful aid to management it is necessary to probe and investigate the variance and the data used to calculate them. Typical questions which should ask are follows. Is there any relationship between the variance? For example, there may be pleasure in observing a favorable material price variance caused by the purchase of a job lot of material, but if this favorable variance is more than offset by adverse used and labour variance caused by the poor quality material, then there is little cause for rejoicing. Can further information than merely the variance be provide for management? Remembers, Variance analysis is but a means to an end. Management task is to find the reason for the variance and to take action to bring operation into line with the plan. Is the variance significant worth reporting? This is an importance matter for both the accountant and the manager and the ways of assessing the significance of variance are death with. Are the variance being reported quickly enough, to the right people in sufficient or two much detail with explanatory notes? 2.5 planning ack off (2001) as cited in Drury (2005) defined planning as the design of a desired future and of effective ways of bringing it about planning is any arrangement for doing, using or achieving something in the future (Dandago Tijjani 2005:p305). It is the establishment of objective and the information, evaluation and selection of the policies, strategies, tactics and actions required to achieve these objectives (KMA)to pandey (2004:) Planning is statement if what should be done, how it should be done, and when it should be done. It is the design of a desired future state of an entity and of the effective ways of bringing it about. Planning establishment enter prises objectives and cletermines the future course of actions for accomplishing of those objectives planning gives manager a warning f possible fature crises and enables him to avoids having to take uncalculated decision. Malomo (1999:2)Planning is a feed forward process to reduce uncertainties about the future the process of p lanning is based on the conviction that management has the capability of planning its activities and conditioning the state of the firm that determines its destiny. The task of planning the firms activities involves the entification of relevant variable controllable and non-controllable (pardey, 1994:8). Kalu (2001) as cited in onah (2001) state a sound planning is that which is capable of achievement, the chances of achievement will be enhance if they people responsible for the execution of the plan can claim collective responsibility of its information. The formulation of the plan relies upon information from many sources, both internal and external to the organisation. Information for planning includes cost and financial data amomst others (lucey 2006) The management account can make a valuable contribution in the planning stage by preparing studies covering past performances, product mix, capital expenditure and by analysing cost-volume profit relationship cash flows etc 2.5.1 types of planning the are basically two types of planning: long term planning and short-time planning. 2.5.1 long term strategic planning sizes (1989) cited in Drury (2000:545) defined long term planning as a systematic and formalized process for purposely directing and controlling future operations towards desired objectives for periods extending beyond one years it the formulation, evaluation and selection of strategies for the purpose of preparing a long term planning of action to attain objectives (ICMA). The span covered by long term plan depends on the organisation, the industry in which it operates and the particular environment involved. The periods involved may be 3, 7, 10 or 20 years. The process of corporate planning is a detailed part of the management. (Lucey 2006). 2.5.3 short term (tactical) planning for operational purpose, it is necessary for the organisation to concert its long range planning to sections, functions and departments. (Lucey 2006) ICMA defines short-term planning as Planning the utilization of resources to achieve specific objectives in the most effective and efficient way. Those part of short term plan that monetary values van be attached becomes budgets (Lukey, 1996:270) this bring the issue of budgeting as an instruments of planning Advantages 2.6 1- The comparison between standard and actual reveals the variation so that management can at once take advantages of prime of exception concentrating its attention upon these factors which have not proceed according to plan. 2- Carefully planned standards are an aid to more accurate budgeting. 3- Variance analysis can provide a way of motivation to managers to achieve better performance. However care must be taken to distinguish between controllable and non- controllable cost in variance reperting. 4- It provides a basic for comparison between one period and another (i.e using common denominator). This is particularly true of that standard cost system which uses as its basis an index figures for comparing other figures with it. 2.7 disadvantage Deciding how to incorporate inflation into planned units cots. Agreeing a short-time labour efficiency standard (currant attainable or ideal). Deciding on the quality of material to be used, because a better quality of material will cost more, bat perhaps reduce material wastage. Estimating material princes where seasonal princes vacation or bulk purchases discount may be significant. 2.8.1 standard costing adeniyi A. Adeniji (2008) sees the word standard cost represents an estimated or a predetermined total cost product permit for an organisation. The process of estimating the total cost of production permit is described as standard costing technique if the estimated total cost of products for a big organisation is based on the total unit produced then; the procedure is described as budgeting system. Standard costing technique therefore represents and integral part of management accounting control technique which will also include budgeting system and responsibility accounting statement. Standard costing technique many either be viewed from the perspective of marginal costing technique or absorbtion costing technique. By relating standard costing technique with marginal costing technique, variance analysis will be determined on the total relevant costs of products excluding fixed over head. But if it is viewed in the context of absorption costing then variance analysis will involve the total cost of product to the organisations. 2.8.2 the basic steps involved in standard costing technique identify the long term corporate objective of a business outfit. determine the short term achievable objective from the corporate objective. conduct a research or a market survey to identify the specific needs of consumers. design a particular product or service that will be used to satisfy the need of the consumer. obtain top management support for the standard costing technique. identify the quality as well as the quality of raw material required in a unit of the product. estimate normal loss in the course of production. identity labour rate per hour together with the standard hour required in producing a unit. 2.8.3 objectives of standard costing to provide a basis for estimating to provide guidance on possible ways of improving performance. to provide a formal basis for assessing performance and efficiency. to assist in setting standards. to control costs by establishing standards and analysis variances. to enable the principle of management by exception to be practised at the detailed operational level. to motivate staff and management. to assist assigning responsibility for adverse variance of (non-performance) in order to correct deficiencies or to maximise the benefit associated with favorable variance. 2.8.4 the benefits of standard costing standard costing provides a consistent base where by performance may be measured on the basic of what an item should cost or how much should have been produced, on the basis of the expected levels of activity. It provides a method whereby labour and overheads can be consistently recovered and charged into stock. It provides of control for buying. Usage and efficient work levels. In setting up standards, management can reappraise activities to ascertain if they are being done in the most effective and efficient way. It creates an atmosphere of cost-consciousness amongst all levels, motivation staff and wokers to see if there is a better way of performing a particular task. By cresting a realistic target, it motivates staff and operatives to achieve or better the standard laid down. It is recognisable method of performance monitoring through variance analysis motivating investigation into causes of shortfall and improving methods and procedures for the future. It provides a recognisable basic for budgeting forecasting planning Chapter three Research methodology 3.0 introduction Methodology is very important aspect in the research project it is a way by which the researcher follows in order to obtain relevant information as regards the research project it will enable the reader to under stand the basic methods and procedure used in acquiring the data for conducting the research work. 3.1 population of the study The population considered or the purpose this researd in work is the flour mills industries. 3.2 sample size a sample is that portion of a population which is studies closed in order to gain some knowledge or make generalization about the population it represents. The sample size for this study is flow mills Nigerian limited kano. 3.3 sampling techniques used the sampling techniques used in the selection of sample for the study is the convince sampling technique. Conveniences sampling is where the researcher simply get information or data conveniently without any land ship, that is he simply choose the closest person, institution or organisation as respondents in order to save time and money. 3.4 method of data collection The method employed in the collection of data for this study is primary and secondary method. Source:- is the texts books, journals, consulted for the purpose of this research work. Primary source:- Questionnaire were used to collect relevant information or data form the case study 3.5 method of data analysis the method the researcher use in analysis the data collected is presentation of data in a tabulation form to permit analysis and inference. And simple percentage is used to test the hypothesis. Chapter four Data presentation, analysis and interpretation 4.0 introduction in the chapter, the researcher would summarized all the data collected through the questionnaire administered and present them in table form to permit analysis and inferences. 4.1 data presentation the research dispatched (14) questionnaire, out of which (11) (73.33%) were returned while (3) (26.67%) were not the questionnaire contained one structured questions and open ended questions. The data would be tabulation and grouped. 4.2 data analysis the data is analysed below: table (1) gender Sex Frequency Percentage Male 9 80% Female 2 20% Total 11 100% Source: Questionnaire Administrated 2009 The above table show that only (2) out (11) respondent are female while () the male are (9). This shows that its gender bras since most of the information would be getting form the males since they are the highest respondents. Q2: Has your company adopt variance analysis as a tool? Table 2: responses Responses Frequency Percentages Yes 11 100% No 0 0% Total 11 100% Source: Questionnaire Administered, 2009 100% say yes while no negative responses. Form the above responses it is apparent that the company is adapting variance analysis as a tool for effective planning in adveing set goals. Q3 Does variance analysis have any significances to management? Table 3 Response Responses Frequency Percentages Yes 11 100% No 0 0% Total 11 100% Scarce: Questionnaire Administered 2009 Obviously, the table above shows that 100% shows that all the respondents answered positively. This implies, variance analysis provide a way of motivation to managements to achieve better performance towards realising the companys objectives. Q4 if yes state the significances Types of significance Frequency Percentages Planning 7 35% Control of operations 5 20% Forecasting cash flows 3 10% Monitoring performance of management 2 5% Cost of ascertainment apportionment and reduction 3 10% Fixing price 4 15% Product costing 6 25 Source: Questionnaire Administered, 2009 These are some of the significance of variance Analysis to management given by the respondents. The above signifies that panning, control of operation, price fixity and product costing are the areas which helps in establishing and administering operational controls to help the effective planning and desired objectives of the company. Q5 Does your company encounter problems in the use variance analysis Responses Frequency Percentages Yes 0 0% No 11 100% Total 11 100% Source: Questionnaire Administered, 2009 It is clear that 100% of the responses are No Implication: it assist management in the evaluation of alternatives and assessing the financial feasibility of proposed course of action. Q6 Does variance Analysis aid in effective planning? Table 6 Responses Responses Frequency Percentages Yes 11 100% No 0 0% Total 11 100% Sources: Questionnaire Administered 2009 Total responses from the above 11(100%) are yes while 0% No. Implication: it is a recognisable method of performance monitoring through variance analysis, motivation investigation into courses of shortfall and improving methods procedures for the achievement of future prospects objectives. Q7 if yes in what ways Table 7: Ways in which it Aids in effective planning Respondent Variance Analysis 7 Setting performance standard 2 Provision of information for effective Planning 4 Cost of products 3 Evaluation of alternative 2 Source: Questionnaire Administered, 2009 These are some of ways it aid in effective planning. Implication: variance analysis, effective planning cost of product the and others, assist in setting performance standard and costing of operation also monitoring performance of management: since they solemnly depends on the implementations variance analysis for the achievement of organisational objectives. Q8 Does variance Analysis information assists management in attaining the companys objectives? Table Responses Responses Frequency Percentages Yes 11 100% No 0 0 Total 11 100% Source: Questionnaire Administered 2009 In view of the table, response were all made favour of Yes (100%) Implication:- It provided the management with information of care full forecasting of future objectives and prospects and means of implementing it for controlling purpose to ensure better performance and to avoid wastage for the advisement of the organisational goals and objectives. Q9 How effective and efficiency variance Analysis serve as tool for effective planning. Responses Responses Frequency Percentages Excellent 6 60% Very Good 5 50% Good 0 0 Weak 0 0 Total 11 11 Source: Questionnaire Administered 2009 Above are the suggestion given by the respondents: Implication: From the stated above, it appears that, the management with the use of variance Analysis it helps tremendously in producing a succeful result intended by the organisation and the qualify of minimaxes wastage of resources for achieving better results and performances. Q10 How could the effectiveness be improve upon:- Responses Suggested Improvement Number of Respondents Effective monitoring 2 Reporting variance quickly 3 Information should be timely, accurate and comprehensive 2 Training staff on Accounting system 1 Profer and adequate Accounting 1 Source: Questionnaire Administered 2009 Above were the various suggestion given by the respondents to improved in the above areas for the betterment of the organisation. Q11 can management achieve their aims without the use of variance analysis information. Table 11 responses Responses Frequency Percentages Yes 0 0 No 11 100 Total 11 100 Source: Questionnaire Administered 2009 It is clear form the table the No has all the responses which 11 (100%). Implication: it is obvious that the management can not improve their performance without the adoption of variance analysis information on the information provided by the Variance analysis for effective and efficiency panning of its activities. Q 12 What advice will give toward making things better: Table 12 Responses Suggestion Number of Respondents Giving required resources and free hand to the Management 1 Training of staff for proper Accounting 2 Adherence to variance and effective cost control 3 Proper account of material and Money should be earned out weekly 1 Sentiment should not form the basis for decision making 1 Strict adherence to costing policies 3 Source: Questionnaire Administered 2007 Implication: The above were the suggestion, and its observed that some areas need improvement and adherence to stated policies for decision making and evaluation of perform ances. 4.3 test of research hypothesis research hypothesis H0: Variance Analysis would not serve as a tool for effective planning. H1: Variance Analysis would serve as tool for effective planning Q Daes variance analysis serve as a tool for effective planning Responses Frequency Percentages Yes 11 100 No 0 0 Total 11 100 Source. Questionnaire administered 2009 From the above 100% respondents say yes while known say No Implication: it quite clear precise that the management rely on the variance analysis who provide practical pointer to the causes of off standard performance so that management can improve operations, increase efficiency, utilise resources more effectively and reduce costs. Therefore alternative Hypothesis (Hi) is accepted that is variance analysis would serve as tool for effective planning Chapter five Summary, conclusion and recommendations 5.1 Summary the aim of the study is to examine the relevance of variance analysis and its facilitation to the effective planning using flour mills as a case study. Variance Analysis is concerned with providing broader for nancial and non-financial information in order to cater to the internal need of an organisation to facilitate effective planning. The evaluation of performance by means of variances, whose timely reporting should maximise the opportunity for managerial action. Variance arise from difference between standard actual quantities and/or differences between standard and actual prices. Those are the causes of variance, the reason for the differences is established by the management investigation. Effective planning is concerned with the designed of a desire future state of an organisation through the use of variance analysis and standard costing techniques. The pr

Plato’s theory of Forms

Forms are defined as the objects or â€Å"things† we believe to see in which are not physically there, but in the form in which they are perceived. These Forms described in Plat's theory are only intellectually comprehended not physically. To Plato, nothing that is physical can be â€Å"Perfect,† perfect only exists in theory. But these Forms are not Ideas, simply because these forms existed before anyone was around to imagine these things.There were always â€Å"things† in shapes, or dutiful things, or quantities of things before there were people having ideas or giving names to these things. Plato was aware of the physical sense of things, but believed they had a lesser reality because they can always approximate their form and are always to some extent flawed. Aristotle on the other hand, disagreed with Plato on his theory of forms because he believed Plat's theory to be meaningless. Aristotle argument against Plato Is referred to as the Third man Argument.Ari stotle believed that if everything is unconnected by some type of outside form that relates everything together, there must be another form connecting that form with the first form and so on. He viewed the forms as Universals-Something that more than one Individual can be. Saying that something can be connected to more than one thing, so circularity, beauty, largeness and greenness are examples of universals because more than one thing can be circular, beautiful, large or green. So people, or animals or plants are not universals they are particulars because only one thing can be these things.I agree with Aristotle on his Idea of proving Plato wrong with universals and particulars. I think that these forms cannot Just end with one thing In common, that more than one adjective can be described per object. If something Is circular and that Is what Is In common, say the example are coins, they can also be silver, ridged, small, large, heavy, light, there are many ways of describing an o bject and their forms would be never ending. Plat's theory of Forms By landlubber's he believed Plat's theory to be meaningless.Aristotle argument against Plato is forms as Universals-something that more than one individual can be. Saying that I agree with Aristotle on his idea of proving Plato wrong with universals and particulars. I think that these forms cannot Just end with one thing in common, that more than one adjective can be described per object. If something is circular and that is what is in common, say the example are coins, they can also be silver, ridged, small, large, heavy, light, there are many ways of describing an object and their forms

Jean Piaget s Theory Of Psychology - 956 Words

Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was one of the most influential researchers in the area of developmental psychology during the 20th century. Piaget originally trained in the areas of biology and philosophy and considered himself a genetic epistemologist. He was mainly interested in the biological influences on how we come to know. He believed that what distinguishes human beings from other animals is our ability to do abstract symbolic reasoning. Piaget s views are often compared with those of Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934), who looked more to social interaction as the primary source of cognition and behavior. This is somewhat similar to the distinctions made between Freud and Erikson in terms of the development of personality. The writings of Piaget (e.g., 1972, 1990; see Piaget, Gruber, Voneche) and Vygotsky (e.g. Vygotsky, 1986; Vygotsky Vygotsky, 1980), along with the work of John Dewey (e.g., Dewey, 1997a, 1997b), Jerome Bruner (e.g., 1966, 1974) and Ulrick Neisser (1967) form the basis of the constructivist theory of learning and instruction. While working in Binet s IQ test lab in Paris, Piaget became interested in how children think. 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